Glossary of Terms
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B
Benefit Design – A list of the services or medicines an insurance company will or will not cover. This may also be called a benefit plan design or benefit design plan.1
Benefit Investigation (BI) – An inquiry to see what an insurance company will cover. Can be completed by a specialty pharmacy or hub (such as TOGETHER with TESARO™). This will provide the patient's cost-sharing responsibility. May also be called a benefit verification.7
Biomarker – An indicator that can be used to measure your body’s response to a treatment, track a disease, or imply normal or abnormal health states. For example, a person who inherits certain mutations (changes) in a BRCA1 gene has a higher risk of getting breast, ovarian, prostate, and other types of cancer.8,9
Biomarker Status – State of a biomarker. For example, in ovarian cancer, BRCA mutation is a biomarker that may be described as BRCA-positive or BRCA-negative.8,10,11
Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene (BRCA) – (pronounced bracka or B-R-C-A) – Refers to particular genes that produce proteins that suppress tumors. BRCA proteins help repair damaged DNA in cells. You may hear the terms BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins. Mutations in BRCA may mean that it no longer functions. A BRCA gene mutation can be inherited from a parent. When this happens, it is known as a germline BRCA mutation (gBRCA). When there is a mutation in BRCA that is not passed from a parent to a child, it is called a somatic BRCA (sBRCA) mutation. See also BRCA Mutation, BRCA-negative, and BRCA-positive.9,11-13
BRCA Mutation – An alteration or change in the BRCA gene. See also BRCA, BRCA-negative, and BRCA-positive.9
BRCA-negative – This means a change (also called a mutation) is not present in the BRCA gene. A person without a mutation in the BRCA gene can still develop cancer. This may also be called wild type. See also BRCA.11,14
BRCA-positive – This means a change (also called a mutation) has been noted in the BRCA gene. A positive result does not mean that cancer will occur, but this puts you at a higher risk for certain cancers. See also BRCA.9,11
Bridge Program – A manufacturer-sponsored program that is designed to provide a limited free supply of medicine for eligible patients in case of an interruption in insurance coverage. The program is intended to prevent missed doses. May also be called bridge shipment.7
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